What describes the use of devices, machines, or other physical methods to control pests or alter their environment?

The concept being described in the question refers to mechanical control, which involves the use of physical methods or devices to directly manage pest populations. This can include things like traps, barriers, hand-picking insects, or even the use of machinery to remove pests or modify their environment in a way that makes it less favorable for them. Mechanical control is a crucial aspect of integrated pest management, as it provides a non-chemical approach to pest control that can be safe and effective.

The other options represent different methods of pest control. Biological control focuses on using living organisms, such as predators or parasites, to control pest populations. Cultural control involves practices that modify the environment or the way the crops are managed to reduce pest pressures, which could include crop rotation or changing planting dates. Natural controls refer to ecological processes that manage pest populations, which involve factors like weather, natural predators, and the overall ecosystem. Understanding these distinctions is vital for effective pest management strategies.