Which measures destroy pests without dependence on humans for continued success?

Natural controls refer to the biological and environmental factors that help regulate pest populations without reliance on human intervention. These can include predators, parasites, diseases, and environmental conditions that naturally limit pest growth. The success of these controls does not require ongoing management or application of pesticides by humans; rather, they function independently and are inherently part of the ecosystem.

This approach utilizes the natural balance of an ecosystem to maintain pest populations at manageable levels. For example, a population of ladybugs might naturally keep aphid numbers low without any need for human action. Understanding natural controls is crucial for sustainable pest management practices, as they promote ecological balance and can reduce the need for chemical interventions.

Other methods such as applied controls, cultural control, and mechanical control typically rely on human management or intervention for effectiveness, and therefore do not achieve the same level of autonomy in pest management as natural controls.